射頻消融目前已成為肝癌的一線治療方法，且安全有效。據(jù)報(bào)道，對(duì)于小肝癌的治療，射頻消融已取得與手術(shù)相近的療效，且具有微創(chuàng)、費(fèi)用低的優(yōu)勢(shì)。膈頂部肝癌被認(rèn)為是射頻消融的特殊部位，一方面由于肺部氣體的干擾使超聲顯像不清造成定位困難;另一方面由于毗鄰膈肌而可能導(dǎo)致膈肌熱損傷等相關(guān)并發(fā)癥，最終使得其治療效果不佳。有學(xué)者報(bào)道了CT引導(dǎo)下經(jīng)肺射頻消融，腹腔鏡引導(dǎo)下經(jīng)胸廓、膈肌射頻消融以及借助人工胸水和腹水射頻消融等不同方式治療膈頂部肝癌，雖然在一定程度上解決了上述問題，但同時(shí)也存在創(chuàng)傷大、并發(fā)癥多、操作困難等缺點(diǎn)。

Radiofrequency ablation is a safe and effective treatment modality that has become the first-line therapeutic approach for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been reported that radiofrequency ablation has achieved effects similar to those of surgery for the treatment of small HCC, while having additional advantages of minimal invasiveness and low cost. HCC tumors abutting the diaphragm are considered especially suitable for radiofrequency ablation for the following reasons: (1) the tumors are difficult to locate as gas interference from the lungs results in unclear ultrasound images and (2) the close proximity of the tumors to the diaphragm may cause thermal diaphragmatic injuries or other related complications, ultimately resulting in poor treatment outcomes. Researchers have reported various modalities for the treatment of HCC tumors abutting the diaphragm, including CT-guided transpulmonary radiofrequency ablation, laparoscopy-guided transthoracic transdiaphragmatic radiofrequency ablation, and radiofrequency ablation with artificially induced pleural effusion and/or ascites. Although these techniques can address the aforementioned issues to a certain extent, they are associated with limitations such as considerable trauma, multiple complications, and difficulty in device manipulation.